Which term focuses on the fairness of the processes used to allocate resources?

The correct term that focuses on the fairness of the processes used to allocate resources is procedural justice. This concept emphasizes the importance of the methods and procedures involved in decision-making processes. It suggests that fair processes can lead to fair outcomes, even if the outcomes themselves may not seem equitable to everyone involved.

Procedural justice is concerned with how decisions are made and whether the processes allow for participation, transparency, and unbiased treatment. For example, in an organizational context, if the process for assigning tasks or promotions is clear, consistent, and allows for input from relevant stakeholders, it is perceived as fair, which can enhance trust and morale within a team.

Other terms mentioned in the options relate to different aspects of justice. Distributive justice focuses on the fairness of the outcomes or distributions of resources rather than the processes to achieve them. Retributive justice refers to the fair punishment of wrongdoing, while transitional justice deals with the processes used to address past human rights violations during transitions from conflict or authoritarian rule. These distinctions highlight why procedural justice is the most applicable term in the context of fairness in resource allocation processes.