What type of needs includes basic physical and material requirements for survival?

Existence needs refer to the fundamental physical and material requirements necessary for survival. These needs encompass the most basic elements that humans require to sustain life, such as food, water, shelter, and safety. These needs form the foundation of Maslow's hierarchy of needs, as they must be satisfied before individuals can focus on higher-level needs, such as social connections, esteem, or personal growth.

In contrast, growth needs relate to an individual's desire for personal development and self-actualization, which arise only after existence needs are fulfilled. Relatedness needs involve the desire for social relationships and belongingness, while esteem needs pertain to the desire for respect, recognition, and a sense of accomplishment. Understanding the distinction between these categories is crucial for developing effective management strategies and ensuring that employees’ basic needs are met, facilitating their ability to achieve higher levels of motivation and productivity within the organization.