What term refers to someone who is excessively devoted to work, often to the detriment of other aspects of life?

The term that best describes someone who is excessively devoted to work, often at the cost of personal relationships and well-being, is "workaholic." A workaholic typically experiences an overwhelming compulsion to work beyond the usual expectations, which can lead to neglecting other important areas of life, including family, social relationships, and personal health.

In contrast, the other options reflect different attitudes or behaviors towards work without the same connotation of imbalance. A "career enthusiast" suggests someone who is passionate about their profession but does not imply an unhealthy fixation. A "dedicated employee" indicates a commitment to their job and responsibilities but does not necessarily suggest negative consequences from that commitment. Likewise, a "professional overachiever" may excel in their career but does not inherently denote an excessive devotion that harms their personal life. Therefore, the term "workaholic" most accurately fits the description of someone whose work obsession adversely affects various aspects of their life.